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Democratizing Politics 1. industrialization created a new public more informed, more involved in politics, interested in promoting their own interests wanted better communication 2. expansion of the [electorate] removed the property requirement for voting 90% of white, adult males could vote in 1840 direct election of governor, electors, and judges no Indians, women, or blacks could vote(they made up 17% of the population) 3. political parties new parties emerged everywhere parties very concerned with organization party loyalty and discipline were crucial for success in return got party patronage and influence [spoils system] emerges [Martin Van Buren]-[little magician] from New York [caucus] [platform] 4. [Election of 1824] candidates: [Andrew Jackson], [John C. Calhoun], [William Crawford], [Henry Clay]-all ran as [Republicans] Jackson popular from [War of 1812] and the [Battle of New Orleans] called [Old Hickory], rose from common origins Jackson won 99 [electoral votes], 84 went to Adams, Crawford dropped out, Calhoun decided to run as VP, Clay conducted a [corrupt bargain] to secure a position as Secretary of State 5. John Quincy Adams as president embraced the [American System] favored New England banking interests and questioned the wisdom of [democracy] 1827-[Democrats] controlled Congress [Tariff of 1824] [Tariff of 1828] or the [Tariff of Abomination] Native Americans-treaty was delayed in moving the [Creek Indians] JQA not a popular or strong politician, no reward to followers, refused to campaign 6. Election of 1828 Jackson had a strong [coalition] of the Old Southwest, Calhoun supporters, Crawford supporters, and some Old Federalists claimed that special priviledge was corrupting the government, needed forceful democratic measures to purify [the republic] people hailed Jackson as a [man of the people], war hero and [rugged frontiersman] hostile to the [bank] and other elite establishments, vague on [controversial issues in his presidency] issue of the [General's Whore] [issue of Dickinson] [issue of JQA procurring women for the tsar of Russia] 7. Democratic victory got 178/261 electoral votes did not take New England critics called him [King Mob] due to [inaugural activities]

Andrew Jackson's Revolution: Acting His Age 1. Jackson was a child of the [Revolution], the [Spirit of 1776], every man and woman should be able to dictate their own lives and fortunes 2. biography youngest son of the family, born in Virginia three weeks before dad died, [Scots Irish Presbyterian], second class in England, would grab onto new opportunities was a [courier] for the Continental Army, captured a whipped for refusing to shine a British officer's boots, got [smallpox] in the war, brother died in war, lost family land in war [child of the frontier], believed strongly in [pledging our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor] 3. Life in America got better after the war, fewer diseases and problems with Indians family size-14-16 on average marriage age-16, kids every 18 months average age on the frontier was 16 lots of [job opportunities] on the frontier 4. The [American System] was crucial to the era 5. Lots of conflict with [Indians], they stood in the way of progress, needed to go west 6. Rising stars of the frontier-[Henry Clay] and [William Henry Harrison] 7. Frontier Character Jackson as the idol of the people [Anti-authoritarian] Relentless believed in Manifest Destiny before the term was coined broke up friendship with [Davy Crockett] due to issues over [native Americans] fearless, ruthless, tenacious, vindictive [assassination attempts] [duels] was a [laywer], [congressman], [US Senator], and member of the [Tennessee Supreme Court] quick rise to fame lived at the [Hermitage] 8. General Jackson [Creek war] [Battle of Horseshoe Bend] in retaliation for [Ft. Memo] [Treaty of Fort Jackson] [Battle of New Orleans] Jackson [hung] more Americans for desertion than he lost as battle deaths 9. [Seminole War] [Adams-Onis Treaty] 10. Jackson's political philosophy non-privilege, no special treatment [strict construction] [states' rights] [spoils system] and [patronage] [pro-slave] [Parlor Cabinet] [Kitchen Cabinet] [Roger B. Taney] [John C. Calhoun] [Martin van Buren] 11. [Maysville Road] 12. [Peggy O'Neil Eaton] 13. [Nullification Controversy]-1832 14. [Indian Removal Act] Issues with [Marshall court} [Cherokee] and [Creek] indians [Trail of Tears] 15. opposition to Jackson [Northern] [Industrial] [Strong Central Government] [Anti-Slave] [Indians] [South Carolina]